Von-Neumann Architecture

Most of the modern computer system has been designed on the basis of an architecture called Von-Neumann Architecture.



The Memory stores the instructions as well as data. No one can distinguish an instruction and data. The CPU has to be directed to the address of the instruction codes.

The memory is connected to the CPU through the following lines
1. Address
2. Data
3. Control

The von Neumann architecture is a model for a computing machine that uses a single storage structure to hold both the set of instructions on how to perform the computation and the data required or generated by the computation. Such machines are also known as stored-program computers. The separation of storage from the processing unit is implicit in this model.

By treating the instructions in the same way as the data, a stored-program machine can easily change the instructions. In other words the machine is reprogrammable. One important motivation for such a facility was the need for a program to increment or otherwise modify the address portion of instructions. This became less important when index registers and indirect addressing became customary features of machine architecture.


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